ATI TEAS Using Language and Vocabulary to Express Ideas in Writing Summary

Break the word into parts: hypo- (below) + therm (heat) + -ia (condition). Hypothermia is the condition of having a body temperature below normal.

Wrong choices

• Body temperature above normal: Above normal would use "hyper-," as in hyperthermia.
• Normal body temperature: The prefix "hypo-" shows something is below normal.
• A quickly changing body temperature: Nothing in the word parts means "changing."

Tonsill (tonsils) + -itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the tonsils. Other examples: arthritis (joints) and appendicitis (appendix).

Wrong choices

• Surgical removal of the tonsils: Removal would use "-ectomy," as in tonsillectomy.
• The study of the tonsils: "Study of" would use "-ology."
• An X-ray of the tonsils: Nothing in the word means an image.

The second sentence goes against the plan in the first sentence. However is a transition that shows contrast.

Wrong choices

• Therefore: "Therefore" shows a result, but staying late is not a result of planning the gym.
• For example: "For example" introduces an example, which does not fit.
• Similarly: "Similarly" shows likeness, but the ideas are in contrast.

Use context clues. Because of the medicine, she "could finally sleep," so the pain must have eased. "Alleviate" means to make less severe or relieve.

Wrong choices

• To make worse: If the pain got worse, she would not be able to sleep.
• To cause: The medicine is helping, not causing pain.
• To measure: Measuring pain would not help her sleep.

Cardi (heart) + -ologist (one who studies or specializes in) = a heart specialist. The same root appears in *cardiac* (related to the heart).

Wrong choices

• A doctor who specializes in the skin: A skin doctor is a dermatologist.
• A doctor who specializes in the kidneys: A kidney doctor is a nephrologist.
• A doctor who specializes in the bones: "Oste" is the root for bone.

A topic sentence states the main idea that all the details support. Each detail names one job sleep does, so the topic sentence should say that sleep does several important jobs.

Wrong choices

• Sleep helps the brain store new memories.: This is one of the details, not a sentence that covers all of them.
• Many people enjoy taking naps on weekends.: This is off topic; the details are about what sleep does for the body.
• Mattresses can be expensive.: This has nothing to do with the details.

An indication is a reason to give a treatment. Adding contra- (against) gives contraindication: a reason not to give it, such as an allergy to the drug.

Wrong choices

• A reason to use a certain treatment: This is an "indication," the opposite.
• A sign that a treatment is working: Nothing in the word means "working."
• An instruction to double a dose: Nothing in the word refers to the amount of a dose.

The icy roads caused the late opening. As a result is a transition that shows cause and effect. Others in this group are *therefore, consequently,* and *so*.

Wrong choices

• On the other hand: This shows contrast, but the late opening was caused by the ice.
• For instance: This introduces an example, which does not fit.
• In addition: This adds a similar point; it does not show cause and effect.

Brady- (slow) + cardia (heart) = a slow heart rate. Its opposite is tachy- (fast) + cardia = tachycardia.

Wrong choices

• A fast heart rate: A fast heart rate is "tachycardia."
• An irregular heartbeat: Nothing in the word means "irregular."
• An enlarged heart: An enlarged heart would use "-megaly," as in cardiomegaly.

Use the sequence words as guides: First (2) → Next (4) → Then (1) → Finally (3). This gives the order 2, 4, 1, 3.

Wrong choices

• 2, 1, 4, 3: "Then" should follow "Next," so the dry ingredients go after the butter and sugar.
• 4, 2, 1, 3: "First" should start the paragraph.
• 1, 2, 4, 3: "Then" cannot begin the sequence.