ATI TEAS Integration of Knowledge and Ideas Summary

A primary source is a first-hand record made by someone who was there at the time, such as a diary, letter, or photo. The nurse's diary was written during the outbreak. The other items were made later to explain the event, so they are secondary sources.

Wrong choices

• The documentary film made in 2018: It was made long after the event by people who were not there, so it is secondary.
• The 2010 textbook chapter on pandemics: A textbook explains events later, so it is a secondary source.
• The encyclopedia article about the flu: An encyclopedia summarizes other sources, so it is secondary.

The best source is current, official, and on topic. The clinic's own website is run by the clinic and should show its present hours. Old posts or unrelated articles may be wrong or off topic.

Wrong choices

• A friend's social media post from two years ago: The post is old and not official, so the hours may have changed.
• A newspaper article about rising health care costs: This article is about costs, not the clinic's hours.
• A dictionary: A dictionary does not list clinic hours.

Compare the numbers in order: 120 → 95 → 60. Each month is lower than the one before, so the shots went down, not up. The summary does not match the data.

Wrong choices

• Yes, because the numbers went up each month.: The numbers fell from 120 to 95 to 60.
• Yes, because December had the most shots.: December had the fewest shots (60).
• There is no way to tell from the numbers.: The numbers are given, so we can compare them.

The most reliable source comes from an expert, known, and directly related source. The instructions packaged with the medicine are written for that exact product. The pharmacist or doctor can also answer questions.

Wrong choices

• A neighbor's memory of how her uncle stored his insulin: Second-hand memories may be wrong or about a different product.
• An anonymous comment on an online forum: The writer is unknown, so the information cannot be trusted.
• A blog that sells vitamin supplements: This source is off topic and has a reason to sell products.

For a factual school report, choose a source written by experts for teaching, such as a current college textbook. Ads, celebrity blogs, and novels are not reliable for scientific facts.

Wrong choices

• An advertisement for a heart-health supplement: An ad is written to sell a product, so it may be one-sided.
• A celebrity's personal health blog: A celebrity is not an expert source on anatomy.
• A novel set in a hospital: A novel is fiction, not a factual source.

A claim is supported by evidence that shows the result. Her claim is that the program helped, and the pass numbers going up from 60 to 78 out of 100 is evidence of improvement. The other details only describe the program or the class.

Wrong choices

• The program uses short daily lessons.: This describes the program but does not show that it helped.
• Ms. Ortiz has 100 students.: The class size alone does not show improvement.
• The program lasted one year.: The length of the program does not show any result.

When two sources are combined, look for the idea they share. Passage A gives one job of water and Passage B gives others. Both show that water does important work in the body. Each single job is supported by only one passage.

Wrong choices

• Water helps control body temperature.: Only Passage A says this.
• Water helps the body get rid of waste.: Only Passage B says this.
• Adults should drink eight glasses of water a day.: Neither passage gives an amount.

Strong evidence is relevant to the exact claim. The claim is about safety, and the evidence about fewer crashes on a similar street directly connects bike lanes to safety. The other choices are off topic.

Wrong choices

• Many cyclists say they enjoy riding on Elm Street.: Enjoyment is not the same as safety.
• Bike lanes are painted green in some cities.: The color of lanes says nothing about safety.
• The mayor rides a bike to work.: The mayor's habits are not evidence about safety.

Compare what each writer focuses on. Writer 1 says working from home saves time (a plus). Writer 2 says it can lead to longer hours (a minus). They look at different sides of the same topic.

Wrong choices

• Both writers argue that working from home is harmful.: Writer 1 describes a benefit, not harm.
• Writer 2 agrees with Writer 1 and adds more benefits.: Writer 2 describes a problem, not a benefit.
• Writer 1 says that commuting is enjoyable.: Writer 1 treats commuting as time lost, not as enjoyable.

Match each person to the right age row, then compare. A 40-year-old is an adult, who should get 7 or more hours. Six hours is below that. Everyone else falls inside the recommended range for their age.

Wrong choices

• A 16-year-old who sleeps 8 hours a night: 8 hours is inside the 8-to-10-hour range for teens.
• A 35-year-old who sleeps 7.5 hours a night: 7.5 hours meets the "7 or more" guideline for adults.
• A 15-year-old who sleeps 9 hours a night: 9 hours is inside the teen range.