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Esthetician (NIC Theory Exam) · Skin Care and Services

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Esthetician (NIC Theory Exam) Consultation and Skin Analysis Summary

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About 11 of 45 Skin Care and Services questions (25%)

Client intake, health history, skin types, the Fitzpatrick scale, and when to refer a client.

📖 See Consultation and Skin Analysis concepts →

Consultation and Skin Analysis: must-know points

  • Use an intake form and consultation to learn health history, products, and goals.
  • Skin types include normal, dry, oily, combination, and sensitive; dehydrated skin lacks water.
  • The Fitzpatrick scale groups skin by how it reacts to sun, from Type I to Type VI.
  • Do not diagnose; refer clients with a medical concern to a physician.

Consultation and Skin Analysis: 10 sample questions

Practice questionReviewedSkin Care and Services › Consultation and Skin Analysis★★★★☆

Question 1. What should a new client complete before a first facial?

  1. ① A gift certificate
  2. ② An intake and health history form
  3. ③ A retail receipt
  4. ④ An appointment card
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Answer: ② An intake and health history form

Key point: Intake form comes first

The form records health history, allergies, medicines, and products used, so you can plan a safe service.

Wrong choices

  • A gift certificate: A gift certificate is a payment method.
  • A retail receipt: A receipt comes after a sale and has nothing to do with health history.
  • An appointment card: An appointment card is just a reminder.
Practice questionReviewedSkin Care and Services › Consultation and Skin Analysis★★★★☆

Question 2. What is the main purpose of a client consultation?

  1. ① To sell the most expensive product
  2. ② To diagnose a skin disease
  3. ③ To learn the client's needs, concerns, and health history
  4. ④ To finish the service sooner
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Answer: ③ To learn the client's needs, concerns, and health history

Key point: Consultation = needs and safety

A consultation helps you set goals and spot contraindications before you begin.

Wrong choices

  • To sell the most expensive product: Selling is not the purpose of consultation.
  • To diagnose a skin disease: Estheticians do not diagnose disease.
  • To finish the service sooner: Rushing is not the purpose; safety and results are.
Practice questionReviewedSkin Care and Services › Consultation and Skin Analysis★★★★☆

Question 3. Which skin type is oily in the T-zone and normal or dry on the cheeks?

  1. ① Combination skin
  2. ② Oily skin
  3. ③ Dry skin
  4. ④ Mature skin
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Answer: ① Combination skin

Key point: Combination = oily T-zone

The T-zone is the forehead, nose, and chin. In combination skin it is oilier than the cheeks.

Wrong choices

  • Oily skin: Oily skin is oily across the whole face, not only the T-zone.
  • Dry skin: Dry skin is low in oil across the face.
  • Mature skin: Mature skin is defined by aging, not by the oil pattern.
Practice questionReviewedSkin Care and Services › Consultation and Skin Analysis★★★★☆

Question 4. What does the Fitzpatrick scale classify?

  1. ① How skin reacts to sun
  2. ② How much oil skin makes
  3. ③ How much water skin holds
  4. ④ A client's age
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Answer: ① How skin reacts to sun

Key point: Fitzpatrick = sun reaction

The scale has six types based on how the skin burns or tans and its natural color.

Wrong choices

  • How much oil skin makes: Oil level is part of skin type analysis, not Fitzpatrick.
  • How much water skin holds: Hydration is judged in a separate skin analysis; the Fitzpatrick scale looks at sun reaction.
  • A client's age: The Fitzpatrick scale does not look at age.
Practice questionReviewedSkin Care and Services › Consultation and Skin Analysis★★★★☆

Question 5. Which Fitzpatrick type always burns and never tans?

  1. ① Type II
  2. ② Type IV
  3. ③ Type VI
  4. ④ Type I
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Answer: ④ Type I

Key point: Type I: always burns

Type I has very fair skin that burns easily and does not tan.

Wrong choices

  • Type II: Type II burns easily and tans little.
  • Type IV: Type IV rarely burns and tans well.
  • Type VI: Type VI almost never burns, so it is not the answer.
Practice questionReviewedSkin Care and Services › Consultation and Skin Analysis★★★★☆

Question 6. What is a contraindication?

  1. ① An ingredient in a product
  2. ② A reason a treatment should not be done
  3. ③ A step in a service
  4. ④ A type of massage
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Answer: ② A reason a treatment should not be done

Key point: Contraindication = reason not to treat

Examples are sunburn, open wounds, or a contagious infection.

Wrong choices

  • An ingredient in a product: An ingredient is not a contraindication.
  • A step in a service: A step is part of the service plan, not a reason to avoid it.
  • A type of massage: Massage is a technique, not a reason to avoid treatment.
Practice questionReviewedSkin Care and Services › Consultation and Skin Analysis★★★★☆

Question 7. A client takes isotretinoin and has very thin, fragile skin. Which service should you avoid?

  1. ① Gentle cleansing
  2. ② A soothing mask
  3. ③ Moisturizer
  4. ④ Waxing
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Answer: ④ Waxing

Key point: Isotretinoin: avoid waxing

Isotretinoin makes skin thin and easily torn. Waxing and strong exfoliation can injure it.

Wrong choices

  • Gentle cleansing: Gentle cleansing is generally fine.
  • A soothing mask: A soothing mask is gentle and generally fine.
  • Moisturizer: A moisturizer helps dry, fragile skin and is generally fine.
Practice questionReviewedSkin Care and Services › Consultation and Skin Analysis★★★★☆

Question 8. A client points to a dark mole that has recently changed. What should you do?

  1. ① Tell the client to see a physician
  2. ② Apply an exfoliant to it
  3. ③ Cover it and keep working
  4. ④ Wax over it
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Answer: ① Tell the client to see a physician

Key point: Changing mole: refer out

You cannot diagnose. Changes in a mole should be checked by a doctor.

Wrong choices

  • Apply an exfoliant to it: Exfoliating can irritate a changing mole and delays a medical check.
  • Cover it and keep working: Covering it ignores a possible warning sign.
  • Wax over it: Wax can tear and irritate a changing mole.
Practice questionReviewedSkin Care and Services › Consultation and Skin Analysis★★★★☆

Question 9. Which is NOT part of a typical client consultation?

  1. ① Diagnosing a disease
  2. ② Reviewing health history
  3. ③ Discussing goals
  4. ④ Doing a skin analysis
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Answer: ① Diagnosing a disease

Key point: Estheticians do not diagnose

Consultation covers history, goals, and analysis. Diagnosis is for physicians.

Wrong choices

  • Reviewing health history: Reviewing health history is part of a consultation, so it is not the answer.
  • Discussing goals: Discussing goals is part of a consultation, so it is not the answer.
  • Doing a skin analysis: Skin analysis is part of a consultation, so it is not the answer.
Practice questionReviewedSkin Care and Services › Consultation and Skin Analysis★★★★☆

Question 10. A client has long-lasting redness and open sores. What is the best action?

  1. ① Diagnose and treat it with a peel
  2. ② Suggest the client see a physician first
  3. ③ Offer a prescription cream
  4. ④ Wax the area
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Answer: ② Suggest the client see a physician first

Key point: Medical signs: refer

Estheticians do not diagnose or treat disease, so refer to a doctor.

Wrong choices

  • Diagnose and treat it with a peel: Estheticians may not diagnose or treat disease.
  • Offer a prescription cream: Estheticians may not prescribe medicine.
  • Wax the area: Wax on open sores would tear the skin and spread infection.

Test yourself.

Consultation and Skin Analysis: 5 questions →Skin Care and Services: 5 questions →