ASVAB Practice Test · General Science
Written by AI · Not yet reviewed by staffASVAB Practice Test Earth and Space Science Summary
- Importance
- ★★★☆☆ (3 / 5)
- Weight
- About 3 of 15 General Science questions (20%)
Rocks, weather, the atmosphere, and the solar system.
📖 See Earth and Space Science concepts →Earth and Space Science: must-know points
- Igneous rock forms from cooled magma or lava.
- Earth's tilt causes the seasons.
Earth and Space Science: 3 sample questions
Question 1. Which type of rock forms when melted rock (magma or lava) cools and hardens?
- ① Sedimentary
- ② Clastic
- ③ Metamorphic
- ④ Igneous
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Answer: ④ Igneous
Key point: Igneous rock forms from cooled magma
Igneous rock forms when magma underground or lava on the surface cools and becomes solid. Granite and basalt are examples.
Wrong choices
- (A) Sedimentary: Sedimentary rock forms from layers of sand, mud, or shells pressed together.
- (B) Clastic: Clastic rock is a kind of sedimentary rock made of broken rock pieces.
- (C) Metamorphic: Metamorphic rock forms when existing rock is changed by heat and pressure without fully melting.
Question 2. What causes Earth to have seasons?
- ① Earth's changing distance from the Sun
- ② The phases of the Moon
- ③ The tilt of Earth's axis
- ④ Spots on the Sun
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Answer: ③ The tilt of Earth's axis
Key point: Earth's tilt causes the seasons
Earth's axis is tilted. As Earth orbits the Sun, each half of the planet takes turns leaning toward the Sun, getting more direct sunlight and longer days. That half has summer.
Wrong choices
- (A) Earth's changing distance from the Sun: Distance is not the cause; Earth is actually closest to the Sun in early January, during northern winter.
- (B) The phases of the Moon: Moon phases repeat about every month and do not cause seasons.
- (D) Spots on the Sun: Sunspots come and go and do not cause yearly seasons.
Question 3. In which layer of the atmosphere does almost all weather happen?
- ① Troposphere
- ② Thermosphere
- ③ Mesosphere
- ④ Stratosphere
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Answer: ① Troposphere
Key point: Weather happens in the troposphere
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the one we live in. It holds most of the air and water vapor, so clouds, rain, and storms form there.
Wrong choices
- (B) Thermosphere: The thermosphere is very high and thin; it is where auroras appear.
- (C) Mesosphere: The mesosphere is higher still and very dry; meteors burn up there.
- (D) Stratosphere: The stratosphere is above the weather and contains the ozone layer.
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